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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 14 December 21
COAL LOCK-IN IN SOUTHEAST ASIA PRESENTS A CHALLENGE FOR THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK'S COAL RETIREMENT PLAN - IEEFA
In August, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) announced an ambitious plan to buy high emissions coal-fired power plants in Southeast Asia and retire ...
Saturday, 11 December 21
BUNKER BUYERS LOSE UP TO $5/MT FOR NOT COVERING ENOUGH SUPPLIERS - INTEGR8 FUELS
With the Brent price recently touching the $80 mark and before the Omicron variant concerns pushed it lower, bunker prices reached levels not seen ...
Tuesday, 07 December 21
SUPERCYCLE DEMAND: ARE WE THERE YET? - WOOD MACKENZIE
Taking young children on a long journey is fraught with challenges, not least the inevitable question a few minutes after leaving: are we there yet ...
Tuesday, 07 December 21
COAL WOULD REMAIN ENERGY LEADER FOR AT LEAST 15 YEARS - LIVEMINT
Coal India Ltd (CIL) has been in the eye of the storm after fuel stocks at coal-fuelled power plants depleted in October. Fuel stocks since are bei ...
Tuesday, 07 December 21
GLOBAL SHIPPING OUTLOOK TURNS STABLE FROM POSITIVE ON THE BACK OF PEAKING EARNINGS DURING 2021 - MOODY'S
The outlook for the global shipping industry is changed to stable from positive for the next 12 to 18 months due to demand slightly outstripping su ...
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- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Planning Commission, India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- The University of Queensland
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Australian Coal Association
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
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