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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 08 July 21
STRONGEST HALF YEAR FOR SHIPPING MARKETS SINCE 2008 - CLARKSONS
A year on from peak trade disruption, we update our half year report for the shipping industry profiling a strong recovery and some exceptional ind ...
Tuesday, 06 July 21
INDONESIA COAL PRICE REFERENCE RISES TO 112 MONTHS HIGH IN JULY 2021; 121.15% HIGHER COMPARED TO THAT IN JULY 2020 PRICE
COALspot.com: The Indonesia coal price reference for July 2021 fixed at US$ 115.35 per ton FOB vessel.
The Indonesia coal price referenc ...
Tuesday, 06 July 21
INDONESIAN COAL EXPORTS FELL BY 37% YOY IN 1Q21 DUE TO ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS - FITCH RATINGS
Chinese coal imports declined by 25% yoy in 5M21as a result of both restrictions on Australian coal and the high base in 2020. Import volume in Jan ...
Tuesday, 06 July 21
INDONESIAN 4,200 INDEX HAS ALSO INCREASED TO OVER USD50 PER TONNE SINCE MAY THIS YEAR REFLECTING STRONG CHINESE IMPORT DEMAND - FITCH RATINGS
Price Surge Since March
APAC thermal coal has resumed its price surge since March this year. The benchmark Newcastle 6,000kcal/kg grade c ...
Thursday, 01 July 21
WHY INDIA’S SOLAR POWER TARIFFS ARE CLIMBING AFTER HITTING RECORD LOWS LAST YEAR - IEEFA
What’s behind the recent increase?
Solar tariffs are deflationary. Prices have fallen by 75% in seven years in India, and in 2 ...
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- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- The University of Queensland
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Minerals Council of Australia
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