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Monday, 24 February 20
COULD SOME VLSFO FUELS BE BANNED? - GIBSON
 The run up to the implementation of the new IMO rules on marine fuels from1st January 2020 had owners and charterers analysing the various fuelling options said Gibson Ship Brokers in its latest weekly report.
The report further noted that, from late-November there were some delays in receiving the correct bunkers, but overall, considering the scale of what was to be done within the shipping world, the switch seems to have gone smoothly. As with all things that are new, there needs to be some time to bed in and to acclimatize to new rules and regulations. But overall, bunker suppliers have been able to supply on-spec fuels. However, the switch over seems to have brought with it a new and somewhat ominous complication, that of the potential for some blended low sulphur fuels to produce more black carbon than the fuels they replaced. Black carbon emissions are a short-lived pollutant that absorbs sunlight and traps heat in the atmosphere. While it stays in the atmosphere for only a few days or weeks, its impact is that it traps 3200-times more heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, measured over a 20-year period. When black carbon settles in the Arctic, it reduces the reflectiveness of the snow and ice and generates heat, which accelerates melting. This makes the Arctic – which according to reports is already warming twice as fast as the rest of the world-particularly sensitive to these emissions.
Gibson Ship Broker’s research team further said, black carbon is material produced and emitted as a solid particulate matter from the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. HFO typically contains approximately 60% aromatics, which contain a higher proportion of carbon than other hydrocarbon types and they have a tendency to smoke when burnt. The recent media interest in the performance of the new VLSFO fuels has pointed out that these fuels are responsible for increased levels of black carbon pollution due to their higher aromatic content. However, whilst it is possible that certain VLSFOs may have elevated aromatic content, it is expected that for VLSFO fuels produced by blending, these will have lower aromatic content than a typical HFO due to the major blended component (distillate) having typically half the aromatic content. Therefore, it is difficult to reason that all VLSFOs, especially those produced from various blends, produce more black carbon due to their aromatic content. However, there is also the added complication that emissions of black carbon are also related to the engine type and its operating load. Slow speed two-stroke engines, used in larger ocean going vessels are considered to have lower black carbon emission factors than higher speed four stroke engines. For larger engines, increasing engine load reduces black carbon emissions, whereas for smaller engines the reverse is true. Vessels that have scrubbers installed provide an approximate 30% reduction in black carbon emissions.
According to Gibson, a study conducted by Finland and Germany and submitted to the IMO found the new VLSFO used by ships contained high levels of aromatic compounds, causing a surge in black carbon emissions. The group have submitted a new proposal to the sub-committee on pollution and prevention response that will meet in late-February in London. They are demanding a prohibition of VLSFO blends that lead to increases in black carbon emissions. They want the IMO to encourage relevant stakeholders to observe a voluntary prohibition on the use of any marine fuel whose aromatic content is likely to lead to black carbon emissions greater than those commonly associated with distillate fuels until a ban comes into effect. The move to lower emission fuels is considered a positive direction within the shipping sector. However, there still seems to be much to be learned with how these fuels are produced and their potential impact on the environment.
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Saturday, 01 February 20
COAL IS NOT GOING ANYWHERE - MINING REVIEW
The coal sector is living under the constant threat of being blamed by environmentalists as being responsible for a world disaster called global wa ...
Saturday, 01 February 20
CIL PRODUCTION TO NOT EXCEED 640 MILLION TON IN FY20: OFFICIAL - PTI
Hit by disruptions due to a prolonged monsoon, mining major Coal India Ltd’s production in the current fiscal will not exceed 640 million ton ...
Saturday, 01 February 20
WHO PAYS FOR IMO 2020? - FREIGHT WAVES
The United Nations’ International Maritime Organization (IMO) implemented its low-sulfur fuel mandate on January 1, 2020. Full enforcement be ...
Friday, 31 January 20
EIA EXPECTS U.S. ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM RENEWABLES TO SOON SURPASS NUCLEAR AND COAL
In the latest long-term projections, the U.S Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects electricity generation from renewable sources such as ...
Thursday, 30 January 20
PRIVATE SECTOR COMPANIES SEEK 'LEVEL PLAYING FIELD' FOR COAL BLOCK AUCTION - PTI
Private sector companies scouting opportunities for commercial coal mining in the country are seeking a “level playing field” to encour ...
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- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- White Energy Company Limited
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- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
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- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
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- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
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- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
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- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
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- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
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- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
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- Central Electricity Authority - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
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- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
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- Economic Council, Georgia
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- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
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- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
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- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
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- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
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- The University of Queensland
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- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
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- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
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- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
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- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
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- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
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- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
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- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
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- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
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- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Planning Commission, India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
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- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
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- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
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- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
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- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
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- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
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- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
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