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Monday, 14 August 17
CENTURIES ON, AND DRY BULK STILL RULES THE WAVES... - SARAH HOLDEN | CLARKSONS
 By the late 1800s, the shipping industry had been transformed by the introduction of steam power and iron ships. Coal and grain were two of the most important cargoes, alongside timber, sugar, cotton and tea. While technology, the sheer scale of the business, and the global cargo mix, have of course all changed since then, dry bulk cargoes have retained a position at the heart of global seaborne trade.
An Ancient Title
In 2016, seaborne dry bulk trade totalled 4.9 billion tonnes. That’s equal to 44% of world seaborne trade, by far the highest proportion of any cargo group, followed by oil with a 27% share. From the early days of the industrial revolution, dry bulk goods fuelled the world’s industry, and they still do so today, although the drivers of expansion have shifted. Looking at the recent history, dry bulk trade has gone through a rather rocky patch, but some cargoes have still steamed ahead.
King Of The Cargoes
Today, seaborne trade in iron ore is the largest of any dry bulk cargo in terms of volumes, with 1.4 billion tonnes shipped in 2016, 13% of global seaborne trade. In the early 1980s, iron ore was the biggest individual dry bulk cargo, although lost the top spot to coal in the 1990s. However, the meteoric rise of China’s steel industry in the 2000s propelled trade in iron ore to new heights, with growth in Chinese imports accounting for 94% of expansion in global iron ore trade between 2000 and 2014. Whilst coal trade has taken a breather since then, iron ore has pushed on, supported by major mine expansions, despite concerns about the Chinese economy (particularly in 2015). While iron ore and coal trade were a similar size in 2013, by 2016, iron ore trade was 25% larger than coal trade.
Troubled Queen
In the late 19th century, it was coal that was the dominant cargo, with around 50mtpa shipped. Today, it is still the second largest dry bulk cargo at 1.1 billion tonnes in 2016, but it has had a bumpy ride of late. Having grown fairly steadily between 1980 and 2008, coal trade was significantly boosted in 2009-13 by China raising imports to supplement vast domestic output. By 2012, China was the largest coal importer globally, but a 31% drop in imports in 2015 led to a 6% decline in global seaborne coal trade that year. While coal trade has now returned to growth, rising environmental concerns in many countries could limit expansion.
Goods Of The Realm
Outside of the two largest cargoes, grain trade, which in the early 1980s was a similar size to coal trade, has expanded steadily, but not as dramatically as the more significant commodities, and totalled 481mt in 2016. Meanwhile, minor bulk trade, which was dented by the global economic downturn, has still risen considerably, but was hit again in 2014-16 by Indonesia’s raw mineral export ban.
Leading The Way
So, hundreds of years have passed, but dry bulk remains shipping’s largest cargo type. Some cargoes have fared better than others, but despite the challenges still present today, nothing yet looks like it will easily knock dry bulk off its top spot.
By Ms Sarah Holden
clarksons
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Friday, 08 September 17
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Showing 1951 to 1955 news of total 6871 |
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- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- MS Steel International - UAE
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Planning Commission, India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
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