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Wednesday, 23 April 14
EUROPE WOULD BE HARD PRESSED TO REPLACE RUSSIAN GAS, FITCH RATINGS SAYS
A ban on Russian gas imports to the EU would cause substantial disruption to Europe's economy and industry, Fitch Ratings says. In the immediate aftermath, the region would suffer from gas shortages and high prices due to its limited ability to reduce demand, source alternative supplies and transport gas to the most affected countries. A surge in gas prices after a ban would probably also have knock-on effects on electricity, coal and oil prices. Industry would bear the brunt of supply shortages as household demand would be given priority.
A lengthy ban on Russian gas is a low-probability, but high-impact scenario. Russia supplies around 27% of Europe's gas and, given the high cost a ban would impose on all sides, we believe it would take a severe deterioration in the Ukraine crisis for it to happen. A temporary disruption just affecting gas supplies via Ukraine is a more likely scenario, for which Europe is better prepared due to high reserves and the recent opening of a new pipeline from Russia to Germany.
In the event of a lengthy ban imposed by either Europe or Russia, gas-intensive sectors such as steel and chemicals would be most affected. This would accelerate the closure or mothballing of capacity that is suffering from low profitability due to competition from low-cost energy jurisdictions such as the US or Middle East. In particular, issuers without geographic and product diversification would be most at risk of adverse rating action.
In 2013 Russia supplied 145bcm of gas to Europe, which would have great difficulty in sourcing alternative supplies. Increased European gas production and North African piped gas could offset a small proportion of this. Tapping into the global LNG market would yield limited volumes as Europe's Russian gas demand equates to nearly half of the world's LNG production, which is already mostly tied to long-term supply contracts. Hence, gas and other energy prices could surge.
In theory, Europe has plenty of unused LNG regasification capacity, which could help replace some Russian supplies. But the majority of plants are located in Southern Europe and the UK, far away from the Central and Eastern European countries that are most reliant on Russian gas. The European gas networks suffer from bottlenecks, which limit the ability to transport gas across borders.
Demand reduction initiatives would only be of limited benefit. Japan was able to reduce power demand by 4.7% following the Fukushima disaster, but this was partly weather-related and achieving that level of reduction across 28 countries with their own agendas and exposures would be far harder.
For more details on the impact that a ban on Russian gas would have on Europe, please see the report "Living Without Russian Gas - Replacing Russian Gas in the Short-term" published today and available from www.fitchratings.com. The report is the first in a series that will examine the potential impact on European utilities and how Europe could reduce its energy reliance on Russia in the longer term.
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Tuesday, 03 December 13
PORT OF NEWCASTLE IN QUEENSLAND SHIPPED 1.22 MMT MORE COAL W-W
COALspot.com: In the week ended December 2, power plant and semi-soft coking coal shipments from the port of Newcastle in Queensland, totalled 3.49 ...
Tuesday, 03 December 13
U.S PRODUCED 900.80 MMST YEAR-TO-DATE
COALspot.com – United States the world’s second largest coal producer, produced approximately 19.7 million short tons (mmst) of coal in ...
Monday, 02 December 13
SUB-BIT INDONESIA COAL SWAP DIFFERENCE BETWEEN Q1 AND Q3 DELIVERIES ARE VERY MARGINAL
COALspot.com – Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swap (FOB ) for average Q1’ 14 delivery gained $ 1.67 pmt month on month on Friday 29 Novemb ...
Sunday, 01 December 13
API 8 CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAP FOR Q2 AND Q3 DELIVERY SHOWS A DECLINE
COALspot.com : API 8 CFR South China Coal swaps for average Q1’ 14 delivery gained 0.63 percept d-d on Friday 29 November 2013. The CFR South ...
Sunday, 01 December 13
PANAMAX RATES HAVE REBOUNDED - CAPT. REDDY
COALspot.com: The freight market was quite firm last week with all the indices increased. Cape Index was gained highest this week which supports inc ...
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- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- The University of Queensland
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- White Energy Company Limited
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Planning Commission, India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Australian Coal Association
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
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