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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Tuesday, 16 October 12
DRY BULK FREIGHT RATES COULD IMPROVE ON CHINESE STIMULUS AND WINTER CARGO DEMAND SAYS BIMCO - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
BIMCO has given out its forecast for the next six weeks, in terms of freight rates for dry bulk carriers. According to them, Capesize TC Average rat ...
Monday, 15 October 12
IT'S STRICTLY COME CHARTERING - CLARKSON RESEARCH SERVICES
The charter market is a bit of a dance between ship owner and charterer: one leader, one follower; one step, two steps, turn... The dance is symbiot ...
Sunday, 14 October 12
SUB-BIT INDONESIA COAL AND CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAPS: SOFT
COALspot.com - Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swaps (FOB ) for December 2012 delivery lost 0.329 percent w- w but gained 0.248 percent d-d on Friday, 12 Oct ...
Sunday, 14 October 12
SUPRAMAX FREIGHT STEADY: PANAMAX FREIGHTS FIRM - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The shipping market saw some hectic activity in the Cape and panamax sector and quite a lot of fixtures reported.
The BDI was up b ...
Friday, 12 October 12
HOW REAL IS THE THREAT OF PIRACY? - BIMCO
The threat of modern piracy remains serious, regardless of its seasonal variations and the fact that it is chiefly confined to the Indian Ocean, Gul ...
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- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- VISA Power Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- The University of Queensland
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- White Energy Company Limited
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
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