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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Friday, 08 June 12
NO IMMEDIATE IMPACT ON ADARO'S RATING FROM BEP TRANSACTION - FITCH RATINGS
Fitch Ratings has said that PT Adaro Indonesia's (Adaro, 'BB+'/ Stable) ratings are not immediately affected by its parent PT Adaro Energy Tbk's ...
Thursday, 07 June 12
DRY BULK MARKET FALLS FOR 10 STRAIGHT SESSION ON OVERSUPPLY PROBLEMS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
A resurgence of oversupply, coupled with national holidays in various parts of the world has contributed to yet another fall of the dry bulk market ...
Thursday, 07 June 12
COAL EXPORT TAX NOT RATIONAL: MINISTER - THE JAKARTA POST
Trade Minister Gita Wirjawan has criticized as irrational the idea to restrict coal exports by imposing an export tax, According to The Jakarta post ...
Thursday, 07 June 12
BY 2022 PLN IS EXPECTED TO BURN AROUND 125 MILLION TONS OF COAL
COALspot.com - Indonesia's state owned electricity company's (PLN) coal consumption is expected to reach 125.7 million tons by 2012.
Nur Pamudj ...
Wednesday, 06 June 12
INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT'S DECLARED COAL PRICES CONTINUING ITS DECLINE
COALspot.com - Indonesian HBA fell to lowest level since January 2011 in June 2012. The monthly coal reference price for coal sales this month ...
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- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- PTC India Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
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