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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Saturday, 07 July 12
EXCESS SUPPLY & WEAK DEMAND KEEP COAL PRICES LOW
COALspot.com - SGX AsiaClear OTC Coal Swaps for August and Q4 deliveries slipped slightly this week. SGX’s Indonesian sub-bituminous coal swap ...
Saturday, 07 July 12
BALTIC INDEX UP ON STRONG CAPE, PANAMAX RATES - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - This week all the segments were firmed up with BDI up by 15.23 pct (up by 153 points) closing at 1,157 points.
The cape index also ...
Saturday, 07 July 12
DRY BULK MARKET NOT ABLE TO FIND SOLID GROUND SAY EXPERTS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With the second half of each, traditionally looking the most active one, especially in terms of newbuildings being delivered, it's highly unlikely ...
Thursday, 05 July 12
GOVT GETS READY FOR $1.8B SUIT - THE JAKARTA POST
The Jakarta Post, one of the leading Indonesian English new papers reported that, several ministries and the Attorney General’s Office held a ...
Thursday, 05 July 12
DRY BULK MARKET MOVES FURTHER UP THE HILL - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market has kept its growth momentum by the middle of the week, as the BDI (Baltic Dry Index) rose by an additional 40 points to 1,103 p ...
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- Minerals Council of Australia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Australian Coal Association
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Planning Commission, India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
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