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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Sunday, 09 December 12
LOW DEMAND PUSHES CHARTER RATES TOWARDS DOWN - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The freight market has softened and BDI, The Baltic Dry Index, a measure of shipping costs for dry bulk goods, plunged below 10 ...
Friday, 07 December 12
A NEW PHASE FOR AUSTRALIAN RESOURCES - A FITCH STREET INTERVIEW
This week Matt Jamieson spoke with Andrew Colquhoun in Fitch's Asian sovereign rating team, and Vicky Melbourne, Fitch's commodity analyst based i ...
Friday, 07 December 12
SHIPPING INDUSTRY LOOKING ON YET ANOTHER TOUGH YEAR AS WE APPROACH 2013 - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With shipping finance "on the ropes" as traditional lenders appear to be cutting their losses and tonnage oversupply still the most import ...
Thursday, 06 December 12
PANAMAX : THE POSITIVE VIBES IN THE ATLANTIC REMAINS - FEARNLEYS AS
Handy
The Atlantic market is still depressed with dearth of cargoes and more ships. The trips from Continent to Feast fixed around USD 12k. Trips f ...
Thursday, 06 December 12
STRONG CHINESE DEMAND FOR DRY BULK COMMODITIES EXPECTED FOR 2013 - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
A new analysis from BIMCO released yesterday suggests that 2013 is expected to be a stronger year in terms of China's "hunger" for commod ...
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- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Australian Coal Association
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- The University of Queensland
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- White Energy Company Limited
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
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