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Friday, 23 December 11
CONTENTIOUS ISSUES IN CONTRACT RENEGOTIATION - THE JAKARTA POST
 The government has been renegotiating mining contracts, especially those 30-40 years old, with almost all mining companies, including PT Freeport Indonesia, which has been operating since 1967. This is a major step the government is taking and of course will affect the climate of mining investment in the future. If not carefully planned and executed, renegotiation might severely harm the prospects of the national mining industry.
That is why it is important for the government to choose the most important points to be brought to the negotiating table and to ensure that the results are beneficial to both sides, i.e., the mining enterprises and the government.
The basis for renegotiation is Law No. 4 /2009 on mining, which has changed the mining-concession regime by introducing a new licensing system. The law replaces mining authorizations (Kuasa Pertambangan or KP) as well as contracts of work (CoWs) and contracts of coal mining work (CCoW or PKP2B). The government acknowledges all CoWs/CCoWs that have been awarded before the law was promulgated; however all CoWs/CCoWs still need to be renegotiated.
The fundamental difference between the concession and licensing regimes lies in a number of points. Most important is the difference in the legal nature. While concession is based on civil law and the source of law is the agreement itself, licensing is public and legislation is the source of law. The application of a “concession” is the agreement between the two parties, the mining enterprises and the government, while a “license” is based on permission from the government.
In terms of rights and obligations, a licensing regime puts the government in a more dominant position. Settlement of disputes is through international arbitration for concession agreements but is via a state administrative court for licensing regimes.
These differences, of course, will be perceived differently by different mining enterprises. Large-scale mining companies and international enterprises prefer arbitration as a legal option, because arbitration is considered to be more fair and free from political intervention. Given that perception, the new regime is seen to generate potentially larger political risks.
Moreover, the bilateral nature of the contract system is believed to provide more protection against future changes in the law than a unilateral licensing system.
For small or national mining companies, however, licensing regimes might be seen to be friendlier as they provide equal opportunities to both domestic and foreign investors in applying for licenses.
Renegotiation is needed to adjust the content of contracts, which have been running since before the Mining Law came into being. These contracts need to be adapted to be in accordance with the new law. Renegotiation began in the fourth quarter of 2009 for CoWs and early 2010 for CCoWs.
Philosophically, however, renegotiation aims at restoring the country’s sovereignty over its natural resources as well as providing a better use of the resources for the people. This is reflected in a number of articles to adjust CoWs and CCoWs, to increase the added value for minerals and coal by imposing an obligation on contractors to establish downstream industrial facilities, to enhance state revenue through rate adjustments for royalties and production fees and to prioritize the use of local and national services.
Based on the notion of providing a better use of resources, a number of strategic issues are being brought to the negotiation table, such as the limitation of mining areas, contract extension, state revenue, divestment obligations for foreign investors that hold full-ownership in local mining firms, the obligation of processing and refining in the country’s smelters, as well as the obligations of the use of domestic goods and services.
As expected, the most prominent issue during the renegotiation is about the augmented state revenue — the first contentious issue. State revenue refers to mining taxes and profit-sharing schemes. The government is tightening tax regulations to enhance national revenue. This is the reason why the tax authority is involved in the renegotiation and assesses whether or not an enterprise is losing money.
Renegotiation on profit-sharing might not be necessary with those enterprises that are losing money. But the key point here is transparency — the enterprises must reveal their income — as the fundamental purpose of the renegotiation is for the results to be fair and transparent.
The limitation of mining areas is the second contentious issue. According to the law, all areas of work that exceed the maximum limit of 100,000 hectares (ha) for minerals and 50,000 ha for coal should be returned to the state. This has proven to be difficult, since most of the large mining enterprises have been working areas beyond this threshold. Freeport has a working area of up to 1.8 million ha, and Arutmin about 70,000 ha, and Inco about 180,000 ha.
The third contentious issue is extension of concession contracts. A concession contract is terminated when it expires. After that, the management must submit to the state, represented by state or local enterprises, a proposal to obtain a new mining license. Contract extension with the old contractor can be achieved only if the contractor is a minority shareholder.
These three issues are problems for both the government and the enterprises to resolve. Currently, there are about 113 plans to renegotiate mining contracts, of which 37 CoWs are in the mining of metals and minerals and 76 are contracts of coal mining work (CCoWs). The majority of the mining enterprises seem to be in the “Partially Agree” mode for CoWs and in the “Agree to All Amendment Articles” mode for CCoWS.
The results must be beneficial to both sides, promoting transparency and fairness. Mining has been contributing greatly to the country’s economy, as well as wealth to a number of mining enterprises. In 2010, mining accounted for about 11.15 percent of GDP for Indonesia overall, and a much higher percentage for provinces such as Papua, Bangka-Belitung, West Nusa Tenggara and East Kalimantan. Mining also accounted for 16.91 percent of Indonesian exports, providing Rp 9.7 trillion of government revenue.
But annual average mining investment is not growing as expected. Only in the coal sector has any large-scale new production capacity been developed in recent years. The vast majority of the investment is for the replacement of mining infrastructure to sustain capacity.
Given the long lead times to find and develop new mines, production declines will be inevitable unless the renegotiation can enhance transparency and the mining policy environment is improved.
We have to remember that the country has some of the most prospective geological areas and according to one international survey, only some areas of Canada and Australia have better mineral prospects. Thus, it is possible for mining to make a much larger economic contribution at the local, provincial and national levels.
The renegotiation process cannot be allowed to hinder this contribution. We have to avoid losing our competitiveness at a time when other countries are seeking new mining investment.
By: Montty Girianna
Source: The Jakarta Post
The writer is director for energy, mineral resources and mining at the National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS).
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Friday, 09 March 12
SHIP OWNERS LOOKING TO CHINA FOR REVIVAL, WHILE THEY KEEP SELLING OLD SHIPS FOR SCRAP - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With China’s economic policy plan for the future on every ship owner’s mind, at least those involved in the dry bulk industry, the lates ...
Thursday, 08 March 12
INDONESIA'S COAL SECTOR CAN BENEFIT FROM CLEARER REGULATIONS - FITCH RATINGS
Fitch Ratings says Indonesia's coal mining sector should continue to see strong growth prospects but can benefit from clearer and more predictable ...
Thursday, 08 March 12
DRY BULK MARKET ON THE RISE; CHINAS COAL IMPORTS COULD INCREASE - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market kept on rising back to healthier levels yesterday, with the BDI (Baltic Dry Index) the industry’s benchmark, marking its 8 ...
Wednesday, 07 March 12
INDONESIA COAL BENCHMARK PRICE GAINS FOR SECOND MONTH
COALspot.com - Indonesia raised the monthly coal reference price for sales in March by 1.15 percent, the second increase since February.
The Mini ...
Wednesday, 07 March 12
INDONESIA TO LIMIT FOREIGN OWNERSHIP IN MINES TO 49 PERCENT WITHIN 10 YEARS OF PRODUCTION
COALspot.com - Foreign holders of mining licenses in Indonesia have to divert 51% of their stakes to Indonesian government or domestic entitie ...
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Showing 4816 to 4820 news of total 6871 |
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- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- The University of Queensland
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- PTC India Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Planning Commission, India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
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