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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Tuesday, 07 August 12
2ND ANNUAL FLOATING TERMINALS
Press Release - After a ground breaking and successful launch in 2011, the 2nd Annual Floating Terminals conferenceis back to address innovation, co ...
Tuesday, 07 August 12
KRISHNAPATNAM PORT HAS DISCHARGED 122,247 MTS OF COAL IN JUST 24 HRS
COALspot.com - Keeping with the tradition of the new records that are set at the Olympic Games 2012, Krishnapatnam Port has also achieved in setting ...
Tuesday, 07 August 12
THE JAKARTA POST EDITORIAL: REVISITING THE MINING LAW
The Jakarta post, one of the leading English news paper in Indonesia writes in its editorial today, what the domestic and foreign investors had drea ...
Tuesday, 07 August 12
BARAMULTI SET TO LIST ON BOURSE IN Q4 - JP
The Jakarta Post reported that, coal miner PT Baramulti Sukses Sarana is preparing to make its shares available to the public in the fourth quarter ...
Tuesday, 07 August 12
REALM RESOURCES COMPLETES STUDY ON ITS KATINGAN RIA COAL PROJECT
COALspot.com - Realm Resources Ltd. has announced that it has completed the Project Study for the Katingan Ria Project in Central Kalimantan, Indone ...
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- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
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- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Parliament of New Zealand
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- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
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- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
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- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
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- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
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- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
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- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- VISA Power Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
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- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
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- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
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- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
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- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
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- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
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- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
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- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
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- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
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- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
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- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
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