We welcome article submissions from experts in the areas of coal, mining,
shipping, etc.
To Submit your article please click here.
|
|
|
Monday, 05 September 11
INDONESIAN COAL BENCHMARK PRICE - ANALYSIS
 Analyst : Sunil K Kumbhat
COALspot.com - As a part of the Government’s efforts to stop transfer pricing abuses which have resulted in the loss of production royalties in recent years Govt of Indonesia issued Regulation No.17 of 2010 entitled "Procedures to Determine the Benchmark Price for Mineral and Coal Sales" .
Apart from setting out the procedures to determine the benchmark price for the sale of coal and minerals, Regulation imposes other obligations on mineral and coal producers (that is, the holders of Production Operation IUPs and IUPKs) when making sales.This move has been seen as important as the benchmark Coal price is expected to provide optimum price and help goverment in calculating potential State Revenue. The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
The following are some key points highlights the provisions of regulation and the likely impact it will have on mine owners, including on their sales activities, royalty calculations and administrative obligations:
Obligation to follow benchmark price
Regulation provides that mineral and coal producers are obliged to sell minerals and coal based on a regulated benchmark price, whether for domestic or export sales.
The benchmark pricing obligation applies to all minerals and coal sales to third parties, including to any affiliate of the mineral and coal producer (which includes any party that has direct ownership in the holder of a Production Operation IUP or a Production Operation IUPK as well as any party that may indirectly influence the decision-making of such holders).
Determination of benchmark price
Regulation provides that the benchmark price for minerals and coal will be determined by the Director General of Minerals and Coal (DGMC) . The benchmark price for non-metallic minerals and rocks will be determined by either the Governor or the Regent/Mayor, as appropriate.
Different methods will be used to determine the benchmark price for different commodities. For metallic minerals, the DGMC will determine the benchmark price for each metallic mineral monthly using a formula that refers to international market prices. For coal, the DGMC will determine separate benchmark prices for metallurgical coal, thermal coal and low rank coal monthly.No formal definition of low rank coal exists , however in the past ;MEMR has referred to low rank coal as any coal with gross calorific value( ADB Basis) of less than 5100 kca/kg. The benchmark price for metallurgical and thermal coal will use a formula that refers to the average coal prices based on local and international market indices.As a system government will determine Coal Price Reference (Harga Batubara Acuan or HPA) by averaging the calorie value of coal in four coal price indexes, namely :
1.Newcastle Coal Index,
2.Global Coal Index,
3.Platts and
4.Indonesia Coal Index (ICI).
The first two indexes represented international price, while the last two indexes represent local coal prices. Each coal category has a weight of 25 percent. The coal category will divided based on coal quality, which is set at 6,322 kcal/kg (arb), moisture content at 8 percent (arb), sulfur content of 0.8 percent (arb), and ash content at 15 percent (arb).
After determining the Coal Price Reference (HBA), the benchmark coal price (HPB) is then determined. There will be 8 benchmark prices category, representing the quality of the coal, starting from 4,200 up to 7,000 kcal/kg.
For that price of coal other than 8 classes of HPB, prices are determined by interpolation approaches or determining HPB based on a certain formula.
Sales of minerals and coal
The benchmark price is set on the basis of the price paid for Coal at the point of Sale by way of FOB Vessel. Sales of metals, ore, concentrate or other intermediary products can be made :
1.Free on Board (FOB) mother vessel or
2.FOB barge basis.
3.Sales can also be made to end users domestically or in the form of Cost Insurance Freight (CIF) or
4.Cost and Freight (C&F).
In calculating the sales price for FOB mother vessel sales for royalty payment purposes, holders of Production Operation IUPs for metallic minerals must refer to the benchmark price. For sales that are not made FOB mother vessel basis (including FOB barge sales), the benchmark price may be adjusted by adding or subtracting an amount based on certain recognised costs approved by the DGMC.
While the principle of deducting certain costs from the benchmark price for the purpose of royalty calculations would appear to be reasonable, Regulation leaves open the possibility that there may be costs that could adjust the benchmark price by being added to, rather than being subtracted from, the benchmark price. The circumstances under which costs would be added to the benchmark price are not yet regulated.
Adjustments can include costs incurred for barging, survey, trans-shipment, treatment as well as refinery and/or metal payable and/or insurance costs. For coal, sales are contemplated in the form of FOB mother vessel, FOB barge, within an island to an end user or on a CIF or CF basis. In calculating the sales price, holders of Production Operation IUPs for coal to be sold FOB mother vessel must refer to the benchmark price. Again, for non-FOB mother vessel sales (including FOB barge sales), certain costs may be added or subtracted as approved by the DGMC.
Under the new sales price regime for coal, the production royalty for FOB mother vessel sales will effectively also be imposed on barge transportation and trans-shipment costs (as well as survey and insurance costs), which are not able to be subtracted from the selling price.
Accordingly, all royalties for FOB mother vessel sales are now assessed on the full delivered cost FOB mother vessel without adjustment for costs. Regulation provides that further details on the procedures to determine the amount of “adjustment costs” will be set out by the DGMC in a separate DGMC regulation.
Benchmark Price for calculation of royalties
For royalty calculations, regulation provides that for minerals and coal sales made FOB mother vessel basis, the Government will take the higher of the contractually-agreed price or the benchmark price. On the other hand, for non-FOB mother vessel sales such as mineral or coal sales by way of FOB barge, the production royalties will be calculated using:
• (a) the contracted sales price, if the contracted sales price is higher than the benchmark price, after adding or subtracting the adjustment amount (adjusted benchmark price); or
• (b) the adjusted benchmark price, if the sales price is the same as or lower than the adjusted benchmark price.
Post sales Reporting
Coal producers are required to submit post-sales reports on the sales of their mineral and coal commodities every month, together with supporting information including invoices and bills of lading,quality reports and barging Costs as well as export declarations and surveyor reports for exported commodities. This new reporting obligations will add significant administrative burdens to mining companies.
Sale of coal for certain purposes
Coal of certain types (including fine coal, reject coal and coal with certain impurities) for domestic use may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt (DGMC) which will issue separate regulations regarding what types of coal will fall within this exception.
Similarly, coal to be used for certain purposes in the domestic market may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt.
The Govt will issue further regulations on the purposes that will be exempted. Regulation indicates that coal used for individual needs or for the development of underdeveloped or poorly developed regions will be exempted from the benchmark pricing requirements.
Impact on existing coal and/or mineral sales contracts
All existing supply contracts ( Both Spot and term Contracts) with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark regulations by 22nd September 2011. Spot sale contracts must be adjusted by no later than six months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 March 2011).
Term sales contracts must be adjusted by no later than 12 months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 September 2011).
Sanctions
Regulation provides that the Government can impose a range of administrative penalties on mineral and coal producers who fail to comply with the provisions of Regulation.
Penalties range from written warnings, temporary suspension of sales, and ultimately, cancellation of the licences’. Due to the severity of such sanctions, mining companies will need to pay particular notice to the requirement of this new regulation.
Indian Impact
For India, the situation will be aggravated by stagnation in domestic production even as demand has increased. With up to 100,000 MW of capacity addition likely in the 12 th plan period starting next year, more coal-based projects may need to scout overseas for fuel.
Three to five years back, domestic coal production was able to keep pace with the demand from power producers. However in 2010, domestic production has remained at a flat level, while there has been a sudden increase in demand from Indian power companies.
With a substantial part of its imported coal requirement already coming from Indonesia, India’s appetite is expected to grow further. India's coal imports from Indonesia are rising every year. In 2010, it overtook Japan to become the second largest importer of Indonesian coal after China. It is expected that India may become the biggest importer of Indonesian coal in 2012.
The regulation is likely to increase the price of coal mainly for all Indian Power Projects using imported coal from Indonesia. The impact on the tariff of such projects may vary, depending upon the quality of imported coal and fuel mix. All existing supply agreements with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark by 22nd September 2011. The implementation of this new regulation will adversely impact all existing and future Coal based power plants importing Coal from Indonesia.The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
Given the long-term demand fundamentals, current high coal price scenario may continue to squeeze margins (of Indian power producers). This may well be the end of the road for cheap Indonesian coal.
Conclusion
Whilst the intention behind the minimum pricing regulation is to stop transfer pricing abuses which according to Govt, have plagued the Indonesian mining industry( particularly the Coal mining Industry) over recent years, the question is whether this intention has been implemented in a way which is inconsistent with genuine , arms -length commercial practices which exist in the market. (updated on 5 Sept 2011)
Analyst By : Sunil K Kumbhat
The views and opinions / conclusion expressed on this analysis is purely the writers’ own
If you believe an article violates your rights or the rights of others, please contact us.
|
|
Friday, 13 August 21
INDONESIA’S COAL EXPORTS TO JAPAN DECLINED BY -26.3% YOY TO 11.9 MLN TONNES IN THE FIRST 7 MONTHS OF 2021; STILL THE SECOND LARGEST SOURCE FOR JAPAN’S COAL IMPORTS IS INDONESIA - BANCHERO COSTA
2020 proved to be a truly terrible year for global seaborne coal trade. Total global loadings in the 12 months of 2020 were down -12.7% year-on-yea ...
Thursday, 12 August 21
ONLY 3 VLCCS SOLD FOR DEMOLITION IN 2021 AS SECONDHAND PRICES TEMPT - BIMCO
During the first seven months of 2021, only three actively trading Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs) have been sold for demolition. The current mar ...
Wednesday, 11 August 21
U.S: EIA EXPECTS COAL EXPORTS TO TOTAL 90 MMST IN 2021, 30% INCREASE FROM 2020
Coal production in EIA's forecast totals 607 million short tons (MMst) in 2021, an increase of 13% over 2020.
EIA is also ...
Wednesday, 11 August 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Energy is at the core of the global climate dialogue as the climate challenge is essentially an energy challenge. Policy experts around the world a ...
Tuesday, 10 August 21
34 INDONESIAN COAL COMPANIES TEMPORARILY BANNED FOR COAL EXPORTS
The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) has imposed sanctions in the form of a coal export ban for 34 coal companies as reported by CNB ...
|
|
|
Showing 506 to 510 news of total 6871 |
|
 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
 |
|
|
| |
|
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- PTC India Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- White Energy Company Limited
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Planning Commission, India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
|
| |
| |
|
