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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Showing 911 to 915 news of total 6871 |
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- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- The University of Queensland
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Australian Coal Association
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
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